Tariff changelog for importers

U.S. Tariff Updates

The U.S. tariff changes that alter what you pay at entry, newest first. Each entry gives the date it took effect, the Chapter 99 headings it is claimed under, the countries of origin it covers and, where it matters, what to do about a shipment already on the water. The log covers Section 232, 301, 201 and 122 actions, the IEEPA ruling and HTS revisions.

Last reviewed October 5, 2026 · Follow by RSS

Tariff guides

Plain-language explainers on the measures importers ask about most, each dated and sourced to the primary documents.

By country of origin

US tariffs on IndiaUpdated October 5, 2026US tariffs on ChinaUpdated September 25, 2026US tariffs on VietnamUpdated September 25, 2026US tariffs on BangladeshUpdated September 25, 2026US tariffs on PakistanUpdated September 25, 2026US tariffs on ThailandUpdated September 25, 2026US tariffs on CambodiaUpdated September 25, 2026US tariffs on IndonesiaUpdated September 25, 2026

By tariff measure

Section 232 tariffs in 2026Updated October 5, 2026Tariff refunds in 2026Updated September 25, 2026US de minimis ($800) ruleUpdated September 23, 2026Section 301 tariffs on ChinaUpdated September 23, 2026

Showing 25 of 25 measures.

  1. HTS revision

    USITC publishes HTS 2026 Revision 20 #

    The US International Trade Commission published Revision 20 of the 2026 Harmonized Tariff Schedule on September 28, 2026. It carries Commerce's September 23 notice on the Section 232 pharmaceutical duties: U.S. note 40 is rewritten and a new heading, 9903.04.70, exempts pharmaceuticals used solely for clinical trials and research. No Column 1 rate changed.

    Effective
    In force from September 29, 2026
    Countries of origin
    all
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.04.70

    The change record lists U.S. note 40(a), 40(c), 40(c)(i), 40(c)(iii) and 40(i) as modified and heading 9903.04.70 as established, all effective September 29, 2026, under the Commerce notice published in the Federal Register on September 23, 2026 (91 FR 60360).

    The list of covered tariff lines in note 40(c) is corrected to current 10-digit statistical numbers and now names 149 lines in Chapters 29 and 30. Inactive ingredients and excipients are no longer pharmaceutical articles, and unpatented animal-health products count as generics.

    New heading 9903.04.70 carries no additional duty for pharmaceutical articles and associated ingredients used solely for clinical trials, research and development, or other non-commercial applications.

    No Chapter 1 to 97 line was added, removed or re-rated, so classifications and Column 1 rates filed against Revision 19 still stand. The Airlift tariff simulator loaded Revision 20 on October 6, 2026.

    What importers should do

    • If you import drug ingredients or finished medicines, check each 10-digit line against the corrected note 40(c) list; some lines moved to new statistical numbers.
    • For clinical-trial or research shipments, ask your broker to file under 9903.04.70 and keep the documents that show the non-commercial use.

    Sources

  2. HTS revision

    USITC publishes HTS 2026 Revision 19 #

    The US International Trade Commission published Revision 19 of the 2026 Harmonized Tariff Schedule on September 15, 2026. Its change record lists only modifications to U.S. note 51 of Chapter 99, which lists the Canadian products subject to additional duties under Section 338, following Proclamations 11064 and 11065.

    Effective
    In force from September 15, 2026
    Countries of origin
    CA

    The change record lists U.S. note 51(b)(1), 51(b)(3) and 51(c) as modified, effective September 15, 2026. Proclamations 11064 and 11065 changed which Canadian products carry the 50% duty first imposed by Proclamation 11046, which took effect on August 22, 2026.

    No Chapter 1 to 97 line and no Column 1 rate changed, so classifications and Column 1 rates filed against Revision 18 still stand.

    USITC published Revision 20 on September 28, 2026.

    What importers should do

    • If you import Canadian products, check your HTS lines against the current U.S. note 51 lists; the scope changed on September 15, 2026.

    Sources

  3. Section 232

    Drones and drone components get a 100% or 25% Section 232 duty #

    Proclamation 11055 of August 13, 2026 put Section 232 duties on unmanned aircraft systems from September 3, 2026. Drones over 25 kg, drones fitted with a thermal imager, docking stations and a short list of critical components pay 100%. Drones of 25 kg or less pay 25%, and a second list of components joins at 25% on February 9, 2027.

    Effective
    In force from September 3, 2026
    Countries of origin
    all
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.08.209903.08.219903.08.229903.08.239903.08.249903.08.259903.08.26

    The duty is reported on HTS 9903.08.21 (100%) or 9903.08.22 (25%) on top of the Column 1 rate, which is Free for every line of heading 8806. The weight bands of heading 8806 decide the tier: 8806.24, 8806.29, 8806.94 and 8806.99 are over 25 kg and pay 100%; 8806.21 to 8806.23 and 8806.91 to 8806.93 are 25 kg or less and pay 25% unless the aircraft carries a thermal imager, which moves it to 100%.

    Parts of unmanned aircraft under 8807.10, 8807.20, 8807.30 and 8807.90.90, and docking stations under 8504.40.9580 and 8537.10.9170, are covered only when they are for use in or with a drone. Parts for drones over 25 kg and docking stations pay 100% now; parts for lighter drones pay 25% from February 9, 2027. The same subheadings entered for manned aircraft or other uses go under 9903.08.20 with no change.

    Products of the United Kingdom are capped at 10% (9903.08.23) and products of Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and the EU at 15% including the Column 1 rate (9903.08.24), but only where the importer certifies that substantially all critical components and technology come from those countries or the United States. CBP's guidance says not to report either heading until a certification process is in place, so those origins currently pay the general rate.

    Goods covered by this action are exempt from the Section 301 forced-labor duty, which excludes anything already subject to Section 232. Companies on the Department of War's Blue UAS lists or the FCC's Conditional Approval list on September 2, 2026 have a 180-day delay, and approved onshoring plans can import duty-free under 9903.08.25 and 9903.08.26.

    USITC published the headings in HTS 2026 Revision 18 on September 2, 2026. The Airlift tariff simulator applies the 100% and 25% tiers by weight band from that revision and flags the parts and docking-station lines rather than assuming they are drone-related.

    What importers should do

    • Check the maximum take-off weight on your drone's specification sheet against the 25 kg line; it decides whether you pay 25% or 100%.
    • If the aircraft has a thermal or infrared camera, budget for 100% regardless of weight.
    • Importers of aircraft parts under 8807 or power supplies and control units under 8504.40 and 8537.10 should be ready to show the goods are not for drone use, or the broker may file the 100% line by default.
    • Do not plan on the 10% UK or 15% partner rate until Commerce publishes the certification process and CBP lifts its hold on headings 9903.08.23 and 9903.08.24.

    Sources

  4. HTS revision

    USITC publishes HTS 2026 Revision 18 #

    The US International Trade Commission published Revision 18 of the 2026 Harmonized Tariff Schedule on September 2, 2026. It adds the seven Chapter 99 headings for the Section 232 duties on unmanned aircraft and a beef tariff-rate quota line, and changes no Column 1 rates.

    Effective
    In force from September 2, 2026
    Countries of origin
    all
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.08.209903.08.219903.08.229903.08.239903.08.249903.08.259903.08.269903.54.02

    New headings 9903.08.20 to 9903.08.26 carry the unmanned-aircraft duties that took effect on September 3, 2026: 100% under 9903.08.21, 25% under 9903.08.22, the United Kingdom and partner-country arrangements under 9903.08.23 and 9903.08.24, and the onshoring-plan and not-for-drone-use provisions at no change.

    New heading 9903.54.02 opens an additional 300,000 metric tons of lean beef trimmings from countries other than Argentina between September 1 and November 30, 2026 under statistical lines 0201.30.5091, 0201.30.5097, 0202.30.5091 and 0202.30.5097.

    No Chapter 1 to 97 line was added, removed or re-rated, so classifications and Column 1 rates filed against Revision 17 still stand.

    USITC published Revision 19 on September 15, 2026.

    What importers should do

    • If you import drones or drone parts, make sure your broker is filing against Revision 18 so the 9903.08 line is available on the entry.
    • Beef importers can check with their broker whether the 9903.54.02 quota quantity is still open before booking September to November arrivals.
    • Re-check the revision list when a proclamation you are tracking is due to take effect; that is usually when the lines appear.

    Sources

  5. HTS revision

    USITC publishes HTS 2026 Revision 17 #

    The US International Trade Commission published Revision 17 of the 2026 Harmonized Tariff Schedule on August 24, 2026. It added Chapter 99 provisions implementing and suspending additional duties on Canadian goods covering alcoholic beverages, dairy and motor vehicles.

    Effective
    In force from August 24, 2026
    Countries of origin
    CA

    HTS revisions are the housekeeping layer under everything else on this page. A proclamation announces a measure; the revision is where the Chapter 99 lines actually appear in the tariff schedule your broker files against.

    Revisions land several times a year with no fixed schedule, and a line can be added, suspended or restored between one revision and the next. Checking the current revision before a large entry is cheaper than a post-summary correction.

    Revision 17 was superseded by Revision 18 on September 2, 2026, which added the Chapter 99 lines for the Section 232 unmanned-aircraft duties.

    What importers should do

    • Confirm your broker is filing against the current HTS revision, not a cached copy, before any high-value entry.
    • If you import Canadian alcoholic beverages, dairy or motor vehicles, check the current status of the Chapter 99 lines in this revision — some are implemented and some suspended.
    • Re-check the revision list when a proclamation you are tracking is due to take effect; that is usually when the lines appear.

    Sources

  6. Section 201

    Section 201 safeguard on quartz surface products: 25% in quota, 50% over #

    A four-year safeguard on quartz surface products took effect on August 15, 2026 following a USITC injury finding. It runs as a tariff-rate quota: 25% on imports inside the annual volume under 9903.45.30, and 50% on everything above it under 9903.45.31. The first-year volume is about 13 million square meters.

    Effective
    In force from August 15, 2026
    Countries of origin
    all
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.45.309903.45.31

    The proclamation was signed on July 31, 2026 and published in the Federal Register on August 5. Duties applied to goods entered on or after 12:01 a.m. ET on August 15, 2026.

    The quota year runs August 15 to August 14 and is released in quarterly tranches, so an over-quota rate can bite late in a quarter and then reset. Rates and volumes step over years two to four.

    Year-one in-quota volume is 13,006,426 square meters, roughly 140 million square feet, at 25%. Imports beyond it pay 50%.

    Australia, Canada, Colombia, Israel, Korea, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Singapore and the CAFTA-DR and CBERA beneficiary countries are excluded.

    What importers should do

    • Watch the quarterly quota fill before you book. Arriving after a tranche fills doubles the duty on the same container.
    • Check whether your origin is on the exclusion list before you re-source — several major suppliers are excluded outright.
    • Build the over-quota rate into your worst case rather than the in-quota rate, and revisit as each quota year opens.

    Sources

  7. Section 232

    Commerce proposes 14 more steel, aluminum and copper derivative articles (proposal only) #

    On August 6, 2026, the Bureau of Industry and Security asked for comments on adding 14 derivative articles to the Section 232 duties on steel, aluminum and copper. This is a proposal: no duty applies to these articles until Commerce publishes a final inclusion.

    Effective
    Countries of origin
    all

    The proposed articles are aluminum powder; brass-wind musical instruments and their parts and accessories; parts of welding machines and apparatus; floor safes; certain electric conductor cables; fire extinguishers; parts of heat exchange units; parts of certain hydraulic engines and motors; certain self-propelled cranes, mobile lifting frames and straddle carriers; tanker trailers and semi-trailers; self-loading or self-unloading agricultural trailers and semi-trailers; certain other trailers and semi-trailers; and certain filled steel containers.

    Comments were due by August 27, 2026.

    What importers should do

    • If you import any of these articles, model the landed cost with and without a Section 232 duty, and watch for the final notice.

    Sources

  8. Section 232

    Polysilicon and solar products: minimum import prices and a 15% duty from December 4, 2026 #

    Proclamation 11052 of August 6, 2026, sets minimum import prices for polysilicon and its derivatives and adds a 15% Section 232 duty on polysilicon ingots and derivatives, both from 12:01 a.m. ET on December 4, 2026.

    Effective
    In force from December 4, 2026
    Countries of origin
    all

    The minimum import prices are $21 per kilogram for polysilicon, $100 per kilogram for ingots and wafers, $0.22 per watt for solar cells and $0.38 per watt for solar modules. An importer that documents a first sale at or above the minimum price pays only any shortfall between the entered value and that price; an importer without the documentation pays a specific duty equal to the minimum price.

    The 15% ad valorem duty applies to ingots and to the derivatives listed in the proclamation's annexes. For products of Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and the EU the total, including the Column 1 rate, is 15%; for the UK the rate is 10%.

    Commerce can also approve onshoring plans that let a company import production equipment and covered products free of the Section 232 duties while it builds US capacity. The proclamation was published in the Federal Register on August 11, 2026.

    What importers should do

    • If you import solar cells, modules, wafers or polysilicon, work out now whether your purchase prices clear the minimum import prices, and what documentation your broker will need at entry from December 4, 2026.
    • Add the 15% duty to landed-cost models for arrivals on or after December 4, 2026.

    Sources

  9. Section 232

    Section 232 duty on patented pharmaceuticals: 100%, with lower rates by partner and company #

    Proclamation 11020 of April 2, 2026, puts a Section 232 duty on the patented pharmaceuticals and associated ingredients listed in its Annex I. The base rate is 100%, with lower rates for partner countries and for companies with onshoring plans or pricing agreements. It applies from July 31, 2026, for the companies listed in Annex III and from September 29, 2026, for all others. Generic pharmaceuticals and biosimilars are not covered.

    Effective
    In force from July 31, 2026
    Countries of origin
    all
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.04.609903.04.619903.04.629903.04.639903.04.649903.04.659903.04.669903.04.679903.04.689903.04.699903.04.70

    The duty applies to goods entered on or after 12:01 a.m. EDT on July 31, 2026, for companies listed in Annex III, and on or after September 29, 2026, for other companies. The proclamation was published in the Federal Register on April 9, 2026.

    Rates in the proclamation: 100% by default; 20% for products of companies with an onshoring plan approved by Commerce, rising to 100% on April 2, 2030; a 15% total for products of Japan, the EU, South Korea, Switzerland and Liechtenstein; and zero, until January 20, 2029, for companies with onshoring plans and Most-Favored-Nation pricing agreements.

    The proclamation set the UK rate at 10%. Commerce reduced it to zero for goods entered from July 31, 2026, in a notice published on August 4, 2026.

    Orphan drugs, nuclear medicines, plasma-derived therapies, fertility treatments, cell and gene therapies, antibody drug conjugates, chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear countermeasures, and animal health products can qualify for a zero rate when they come from a jurisdiction with a trade and security framework agreement or meet an urgent US health need. Commerce published the guidance and procedures for this on September 23, 2026.

    In the HTS, 9903.04.60 carries the 100% rate, 9903.04.61 covers patented articles of companies identified by Commerce and entered before September 29, 2026, 9903.04.62 the 15% partner rate, 9903.04.63 the UK, 9903.04.64 the 20% onshoring rate, 9903.04.65 and 9903.04.66 the zero-rate cases, 9903.04.67 generics, 9903.04.68 U.S.-origin products in dosage form and 9903.04.69 listed articles that are neither patented nor generic pharmaceuticals. From September 29, 2026, 9903.04.70 adds no duty on articles solely for clinical trials, research and development or other non-commercial use (HTS Revision 20). The duty reaches only the 149 statistical lines listed in U.S. note 40(c), in Chapters 29 and 30. The Airlift tariff simulator does not apply these headings; it shows a note on those listed lines, because patent status, the importer and the end use cannot be read from the HTS code.

    What importers should do

    • Check whether each product is a patented pharmaceutical or ingredient listed in Annex I; generics are outside the duty.
    • Ask the manufacturer whether it is listed in Annex III, has an approved onshoring plan or has a pricing agreement, because those decide the rate and the start date.
    • Mark September 29, 2026, if your supplier is not an Annex III company, and ask your broker whether Commerce has identified it for heading 9903.04.61 before that date.

    Sources

  10. Section 301

    Section 301 forced-labor duties reach about 60 economies at 10% or 12.5% #

    A Section 301 action tied to forced labor took effect at 12:01 a.m. ET on July 24, 2026, within the hour that the Section 122 surcharge expired. It applies a 10% or 12.5% additional duty, depending on the economy, across 60 US trading partners, and it is reported first among the Chapter 99 trade-remedy duties.

    Effective
    In force from July 24, 2026
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.05.20-9903.05.849903.05.85-9903.05.929903.05.93-9903.05.999903.06.01-9903.06.21

    USTR published the action in the Federal Register on July 28, 2026 (91 FR 47318), and CBP set out the filing mechanics in CSMS #69326983. Country lines run from 9903.05.20 to 9903.05.84, general exemptions sit at 9903.05.85 to 9903.05.92, and economy-specific exemptions follow from 9903.05.93 and in the 9903.06 series.

    The rate split is by economy rather than by product. Canada, Mexico, India, the UK and 13 other economies pay an additional 10%; Brazil, China, Vietnam, Russia and most others pay 12.5%. For the EU and Taiwan the rate is 10% net of the product's MFN duty, and for Japan, South Korea and Switzerland it is 12.5% net of MFN: 9903.05.39 brings an EU product to a 10% total and 9903.05.49 a Japanese product to 12.5%, with no additional duty where the MFN rate is already that high.

    Goods subject to Section 232 are exempt, as are goods loaded before July 24, 2026 and entered before July 28, 2026. Because this duty is reported first among the trade-remedy codes (Section 301, then 232, then 201), an entry that carries several programs has to sequence them correctly or the entry summary will not build.

    What importers should do

    • Find out which tier each of your sourcing countries is in — the difference between 10% and 12.5% moves a landed cost enough to change a sourcing decision.
    • Check the general and economy-specific exemption blocks before you accept the duty; the exemption lists are long and are easy to miss on a first filing.
    • Ask your broker to confirm the Chapter 99 reporting order on any entry that carries this duty alongside Section 232 or Section 201.

    Sources

  11. Section 301

    25% Section 301 duty on Brazilian goods, with a long exemption annex #

    USTR's Section 301 investigation into Brazil ended in a 25% additional duty on Brazilian-origin goods under 9903.05.01, effective 12:01 a.m. ET on July 22, 2026. The exemption annex is long, so the practical scope is much narrower than 'all products of Brazil'.

    Effective
    In force from July 22, 2026
    Countries of origin
    BR
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.05.019903.05.02

    USTR made its determination on June 1, 2026 and published the action notice in the Federal Register on July 20, 2026. The investigation had been initiated on July 15, 2025.

    The action rests on findings about digital trade and electronic payment services, preferential tariffs, anti-corruption enforcement, intellectual property protection, ethanol market access and illegal deforestation.

    Carve-outs sit at 9903.05.02 through 9903.05.09. The in-transit exemption at 9903.05.02 covers goods loaded before July 22, 2026 and entered before July 29, 2026 — a narrow window, and one worth checking on any Brazil booking from that period. Civil aircraft and their parts have their own line, 9903.05.05.

    Goods subject to Section 232 are exempt. After the comment period USTR added exemptions for pig iron, organic honey, certain seafood, certain wood products, iron and steel waste and scrap, certain hides, furskins and leather, certain additional pharmaceuticals, unflavored instant coffee and used clothing.

    What importers should do

    • Check your Brazilian HTS lines against the exemption annex before assuming a 25% duty — the majority of Brazil's export lines to the US are on it.
    • If you had cargo laden before July 22, 2026, confirm whether the in-transit line was claimed on the entry.
    • Where a product is already dutiable under Section 232, confirm it was not also charged the Section 301 line.

    Sources

  12. Section 232

    Primary-aluminum onshoring plans can earn a half-rate Section 232 quantity #

    Proclamation 11045 of July 20, 2026, told Commerce to set up a program for companies that commit to building, refurbishing or expanding US primary-aluminum capacity. An approved company can import a yearly quantity of primary aluminum at half the Section 232 rate otherwise in effect.

    Effective
    In force from July 20, 2026
    Countries of origin
    all

    An onshoring plan has to commit to start construction by January 20, 2029. The duty-reduced quantity matches the US facility's expected annual output of primary aluminum once the project is complete.

    Commerce approves, monitors and enforces the plans, and can withdraw the benefit, retroactively in cases of fraud, if a company fails to meet its commitments.

    The proclamation was published in the Federal Register on July 23, 2026. It does not change the rate for importers without an approved plan.

    What importers should do

    • Unless your supplier or your own company has an approved onshoring plan, keep pricing primary aluminum at the full Section 232 rate.

    Sources

  13. De minimis

    CBP writes the de minimis suspension into its regulations; the statutory exemption ends July 1, 2027 #

    Two CBP interim final rules published June 24, 2026, suspend the $800 de minimis exemption in CBP's own regulations: one for shipments arriving by any mode other than the international mail, effective that day, and one for mail, effective July 24, 2026. The statutory exemption itself ends on July 1, 2027, under Public Law 119-21.

    Effective
    In force from June 24, 2026
    Countries of origin
    all

    Duty-free de minimis treatment has been suspended for all countries since August 29, 2025, under Executive Order 14324, and Executive Order 14388 of February 20, 2026, continued the suspension.

    Under the non-postal rule (91 FR 37789), every shipment valued at $800 or less that arrives by any mode other than the international postal network must use formal or informal entry. The mail rule (91 FR 37801) suspends the exemption for postal shipments and sets up a new postal informal entry process.

    CBP says the rules do not change the suspension in practice; they give it a regulatory footing that stays in place even if the executive order changes before the statute takes over.

    Section 70531(b) of Public Law 119-21, signed July 4, 2025, ends the de minimis exemption effective July 1, 2027.

    What importers should do

    • Price small parcels and samples with duty and fees included; there is no value threshold below which a commercial shipment enters free.
    • Do not plan around a return of de minimis for commercial shipments: the statute ends the exemption on July 1, 2027.

    Sources

  14. Section 232

    Metals program rebuilt: duty on full customs value, three annex tiers #

    Proclamation 11021 of April 2, 2026 restructured the Section 232 metals program from April 6. The biggest change is the base: duty is now assessed on the full customs value of the article rather than on its metal content. Products are sorted into annexes at 50%, 25% and a temporary 15%, with a weight-based exemption for articles that are barely metal.

    Effective
    In force from April 6, 2026
    Countries of origin
    all
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.82.029903.82.039903.82.04-9903.82.263701.30.00

    Annex I-A covers aluminum and steel articles, most copper articles and certain derivatives at 50%. Annex I-B covers other copper articles and derivatives at 25%. Annex III sets a reduced 15% total, through December 31, 2027, for a subset of derivatives that Proclamation 11032 describes as fixed industrial machinery and power equipment. Annex II removes the listed products from the steel and aluminum duties.

    In the HTS (2026 Revision 19), 9903.82.02 carries the 50% tier and 9903.82.09 the 25% tier. Only 9903.82.04 (25%) and 9903.82.05 (15%) are UK lines, for goods with at least 95% UK-melted steel or UK-smelted aluminum. Headings 9903.82.06 to 9903.82.08 are for derivatives whose metal content is at least 85% US-melted or US-smelted, 9903.82.10 and 9903.82.11 are the Annex III 15% lines, and 9903.82.12 adds 25% on products of the countries in general note 3(b), which do not receive normal trade relations rates.

    Outside HTS Chapters 72, 73, 74 and 76, the duties apply only when the listed metal is at least 15% of the article's weight; lighter articles enter under 9903.82.03 at no change. That threshold turns a weight calculation into a compliance record you have to be able to produce.

    Proclamation 11032, signed June 1, 2026 and effective June 8, 2026, moved agricultural equipment and certain HVAC systems and components that are predominantly for residential use into the 15% tier, and created an Annex I-C tier for mobile industrial equipment at 25% through December 31, 2027 (15% total for products of Argentina, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Japan, South Korea, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, Taiwan, the UK and the EU). It added aluminum lithographic plates (3701.30.00) and steel racks to the derivative lists, and lowered the threshold for metal to count as US-origin from 95% to 85% of the metal weight.

    What importers should do

    • Rebuild your landed-cost model. Duty on full customs value is a much larger number than duty on metal content for anything that is mostly labor, electronics or packaging.
    • For articles that might fall under the 15% metal-weight exemption, get a documented weight breakdown from the supplier and keep it with the entry file.
    • Re-check steel racking and aluminum lithographic plates against the June 2026 additions, and check whether agricultural or residential HVAC equipment you import moved to the 15% tier.

    Sources

  15. Section 122

    Section 122 10% surcharge replaces the IEEPA tariffs, then expires by statute #

    Hours after IEEPA collection stopped, a 10% balance-of-payments surcharge took effect under Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974, reported under 9903.03.01. Section 122 caps any such surcharge at 150 days without an act of Congress, so it expired on July 24, 2026. The HTS heading carried 10% for the whole life of the measure.

    Effective
    Applied February 24, 2026 to July 24, 2026
    Countries of origin
    all
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.03.019903.03.02-9903.03.11

    The surcharge applied from 12:01 a.m. EST on February 24, 2026, with exemption lines at 9903.03.02 through 9903.03.11.

    The rate in heading 9903.03.01 was 10% throughout, whatever figures circulated at the time. That is worth knowing if you were quoted a landed cost built on 15%.

    On May 7, 2026 a divided three-judge Court of International Trade panel held in Oregon v. United States and Burlap and Barrel v. United States (Slip Op. 26-47) that the proclamation exceeded presidential authority, because it rested on trade deficits rather than the balance-of-payments measures Congress specified in 1974. The government appealed (Federal Circuit Nos. 2026-1804 and 2026-1805), and on June 11, 2026 the Federal Circuit granted a stay pending appeal.

    The permanent injunction covered only the State of Washington, Burlap and Barrel and Basic Fun, so most importers kept paying until the statutory expiry on July 24, 2026. As of September 23, 2026 the Federal Circuit has not decided the appeal, so the refund question for entries filed during the surcharge remains open.

    What importers should do

    • Identify your entries between February 24 and July 24, 2026 that carried the 9903.03.01 line and total the surcharge paid — you will want that figure ready if the appeal produces a refund route.
    • Watch liquidation dates on those entries. Protest deadlines run from liquidation, and an entry that liquidates while the appeal is pending can time out.
    • If a landed-cost model or a supplier quotation from spring 2026 assumed 15%, correct it — the rate was 10% throughout.

    Sources

  16. IEEPA

    Supreme Court holds IEEPA does not authorize tariffs; collection ends February 24, 2026 #

    In Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump, decided with Trump v. V.O.S. Selections, Inc., the Supreme Court held 6–3 on February 20, 2026, that the International Emergency Economic Powers Act does not authorize the President to impose tariffs. The decision did not itself order refunds. CBP stopped collecting IEEPA duties at 12:00 a.m. ET on February 24, 2026, and refunds now run through Court of International Trade orders and CBP's CAPE process.

    Effective
    In force from February 24, 2026
    Countries of origin
    all

    The same day, Executive Order 14389 (Ending Certain Tariff Actions) ended the IEEPA tariff actions. CBP set out the mechanics in CSMS #67834313 on February 22, 2026: collection ended at 12:00 a.m. eastern time on February 24, 2026.

    On March 4, 2026, in Atmus Filtration, Inc. v. United States, the Court of International Trade directed CBP to liquidate unliquidated entries without regard to IEEPA duties and to reliquidate liquidated entries whose liquidation was not yet final. The court suspended the immediate-compliance part of that order on March 6 while CBP built a refund tool, clarified it on March 20, and on April 7 issued a substantively identical order in Euro-Notions Florida, Inc. v. United States, which became the test case. That sequence is taken from CBP's own account in the Federal Register on July 8, 2026.

    Whether refunds reach entries whose liquidation is already final is not settled. The government has appealed the Court of International Trade's refund orders to the Federal Circuit (V.O.S. Selections, Inc. v. Trump, No. 2026-1895, docketed June 3, 2026); as of September 25, 2026 we found no decision on that appeal.

    Refunds are not automatic. CBP pays them through CAPE (Consolidated Administration and Processing of Entries) in ACE: the importer of record, or the licensed customs broker that filed the entries, files a CAPE Declaration listing them, and CBP pays by ACH. CBP describes the collection period as February 3, 2025, to February 24, 2026, and estimates about $166 billion in IEEPA duties across more than 53 million entry summaries.

    CAPE refunds only the IEEPA lines. Section 232, 301 and 201 duties and antidumping and countervailing duties on the same entries were not affected by the decision and stay collected.

    What importers should do

    • Pull every entry summary that carried IEEPA duties and identify the IEEPA lines separately from Section 232, 301, 201 and AD/CVD lines — only the IEEPA amounts are refundable.
    • Make sure a CAPE Declaration is filed in the ACE Portal, by you as importer of record or by the licensed customs broker that filed the entries, and that an ACH refund account is on file in ACE. CBP's first CAPE phase accepts certain unliquidated entries and certain entries liquidated within the preceding 80 days.
    • For entries whose liquidation is already final, do not count on a refund until the Federal Circuit appeal (No. 2026-1895) is decided.
    • Airlift is an NVOCC, not a licensed customs broker, and this is not legal advice. Our tariff refunds guide at airliftusa.com/tariff-updates/tariff-refunds walks through the CAPE process.

    Sources

  17. Section 232

    25% on a narrow band of advanced semiconductors #

    Proclamation 11002 added a Section 232 duty on semiconductors, but the scope is much narrower than the headline suggests. It reaches high-end logic and memory that clear specified performance thresholds — the chips used in AI and data-center hardware — and leaves ordinary consumer and industrial semiconductors alone.

    Effective
    In force from January 15, 2026
    Countries of origin
    all
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.79.019903.79.03

    The proclamation was signed on January 14, 2026 and applies to goods entered on or after 12:01 a.m. EST on January 15, 2026. It was published in the Federal Register on January 20.

    The dutiable line is 9903.79.01 at 25%. Exception lines run from 9903.79.02 to 9903.79.09, including a line for chips for use in US data centers.

    Scope is defined by performance thresholds rather than by a simple product list, so two parts under the same HTS subheading can land on opposite sides of the measure. Chips for US repair and replacement, US research and development, US startups, and non-data-center consumer, industrial and public-sector use are carved out.

    The proclamation also says broader semiconductor tariffs, with an accompanying tariff offset program for companies investing in US production, may follow depending on trade negotiations.

    The Airlift tariff simulator does not apply 9903.79.01 automatically. It shows a note on 8541 and 8542 lines instead, because the performance thresholds cannot be read from the HTS code.

    What importers should do

    • Do not assume every semiconductor line is now dutiable — get the part's performance specification and compare it against the thresholds in the proclamation before you re-price.
    • If your chips go into a carved-out end use, keep the evidence for that end use with the entry file.
    • Ask your broker to confirm which of the 9903.79 exception lines applies to your entries rather than defaulting to the dutiable line.

    Sources

  18. Section 301

    178 Section 301 China exclusions extended to November 9, 2026 #

    USTR extended 178 product exclusions from the Section 301 China tariffs rather than letting them lapse on November 29, 2025. The 164 product-specific exclusions report under 9903.88.69 and 14 solar manufacturing equipment exclusions under 9903.88.70. The extension runs to 11:59 p.m. EDT on November 9, 2026.

    Effective
    Applied November 30, 2025 to November 9, 2026
    Countries of origin
    CN
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.88.699903.88.70

    The previous extension ran through November 29, 2025. The new one applies to goods entered on or after 12:01 a.m. EST on November 30, 2025, but the notice was not published in the Federal Register until December 1, 2025, so entries filed in those first days may not have claimed the exclusion line.

    An exclusion is not automatic. The entry has to claim the Chapter 99 exclusion line, and the article has to match the exclusion's product description exactly — a description written narrowly enough that similar goods from the same supplier often fall outside it.

    The extension ends at 11:59 p.m. EDT on November 9, 2026. Unless USTR extends again, these lines revert to the underlying Section 301 rate.

    What importers should do

    • Read the exclusion description against your actual product specification, not against the HTS line — the descriptions are narrower than the classifications they sit under.
    • Check entries filed from November 30, 2025 until the notice was published to see whether the exclusion was claimed.
    • Plan for November 9, 2026 now. If you rely on one of these exclusions, model your landed cost without it.

    Sources

  19. Section 232

    25% on medium- and heavy-duty trucks, 10% on buses #

    Proclamation 10984 put a 25% Section 232 duty on medium- and heavy-duty vehicles in Classes III to VIII and their parts, plus 10% on buses, for goods entered on or after November 1, 2025. Parts that qualify for USMCA preferential treatment enter without the additional duty under 9903.74.10.

    Effective
    In force from November 1, 2025
    Countries of origin
    all
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.74.019903.74.029903.74.089903.74.099903.74.10

    The main lines are 9903.74.01 for trucks at 25%, 9903.74.02 for buses at 10%, and 9903.74.08 and 9903.74.09 for parts at 25%. Heading 9903.74.10 covers parts that qualify for USMCA preferential treatment, other than knock-down kits and parts compilations, and carries no additional Section 232 duty (U.S. note 38(k) to Chapter 99).

    Parts for these vehicles are a separate program from passenger-vehicle parts, which stay under 9903.94.05. Filing the wrong Chapter 99 line on a parts entry is an easy and expensive mistake.

    On February 2, 2026 Commerce published procedures for importers of USMCA-qualifying trucks to document US content, so that an approved model pays the 25% only on its non-US content under 9903.74.03.

    What importers should do

    • Confirm which program your parts fall under — commercial-truck parts and passenger-vehicle parts carry different Chapter 99 headings and different rates.
    • If your trucks or parts qualify under USMCA, ask your broker about the 9903.74.10 parts line and the US-content procedure Commerce published in February 2026.
    • Keep bills of material and origin evidence for each part number; the content-based relief needs it.

    Sources

  20. Section 232

    Timber, lumber, upholstered furniture and kitchen cabinets brought under Section 232 #

    Proclamation 10976 opened a new Section 232 program covering softwood timber and lumber at 10%, upholstered wooden furniture at 25% and kitchen cabinets and vanities at 25%, effective October 14, 2025. Increases scheduled for January 1, 2026 were later pushed back a full year.

    Effective
    In force from October 14, 2025
    Countries of origin
    all
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.76.019903.76.029903.76.039903.76.209903.76.219903.76.22

    The rates sit on separate lines: 9903.76.01 for softwood timber and lumber at 10%, 9903.76.02 for upholstered wooden furniture at 25%, and 9903.76.03 for kitchen cabinets and vanities at 25%.

    Country caps were built in from the start — the UK at 10% under 9903.76.20, Japan at 15% under 9903.76.21 and the EU at 15% under 9903.76.22.

    The proclamation set furniture to rise to 30% and cabinets and vanities to 50% on January 1, 2026. A further proclamation signed on December 31, 2025 and published on January 9, 2026 delayed both increases by one year, to January 1, 2027, citing ongoing negotiations.

    That deferral is a date to hold, not a cancellation. Unless something changes, furniture and cabinet rates step up at the start of 2027.

    What importers should do

    • Put January 1, 2027 in your planning calendar if you import upholstered wooden furniture, kitchen cabinets or vanities — the deferred increases are still on the books.
    • Check whether your furniture is classified as upholstered wooden furniture or as another furniture line; the Chapter 99 line follows the classification, not the marketing description.
    • If you buy from the UK, Japan or the EU, confirm your entries are claiming the capped country line rather than the general rate.

    Sources

  21. Section 232

    Commerce adds 407 derivative steel and aluminum product categories #

    The Bureau of Industry and Security added 407 HTS codes, which it describes as product categories, to the Section 232 steel and aluminum derivative lists. Duties on the new codes applied from 12:01 a.m. Eastern Time on August 18, 2025, with no exemption for cargo already in transit.

    Effective
    In force from August 18, 2025
    Countries of origin
    all

    CBP announced the additions on August 15, 2025 in CSMS #65936570 (steel) and #65936615 (aluminum), three days before the duty took effect. BIS published its notice in the Federal Register (90 FR 40326) and its press release on August 19, 2025, the day after the effective date.

    This is the mechanism that keeps widening the metals program. The same notice set out the BIS inclusions process, under which requests to add downstream products are reviewed and successful ones become new dutiable lines without a new proclamation.

    The additions reach well beyond obvious metal goods, so an article that cleared without Section 232 duty last quarter can become dutiable with no change to the product itself.

    Since April 6, 2026, these steel, aluminum and copper duties are no longer reported under the headings above: Proclamation 11021 moved the whole metals program to headings 9903.82.01 through 9903.82.26 (see the April 2026 entry). The older headings are kept here as history for entries filed before that date.

    What importers should do

    • Diary the BIS inclusions windows and check each published list against your own HTS lines — this is the single most common way importers get surprised by a metals duty.
    • Ask your broker to set an alert on your top HTS lines so a new inclusion is caught before the entry is filed rather than after liquidation.
    • Keep content declarations on file for articles that are not yet covered; if an inclusion lands, you can file correctly from day one.

    Sources

  22. Section 232

    50% on semi-finished copper — cathode and scrap left out #

    Proclamation 10962 added copper to the Section 232 program at 50%, effective August 1, 2025. The duty falls on semi-finished copper products and copper-intensive derivatives, and it is assessed on the copper content value. According to the White House fact sheet, copper input materials (ores, concentrates, mattes, cathodes and anodes) and copper scrap are not subject to it.

    Effective
    In force from August 1, 2025
    Countries of origin
    all
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.78.019903.78.02

    Semi-finished copper means pipes, tubes, wire, rod, bar, plate, sheet and strip, along with a list of copper-intensive derivative articles such as fittings and connectors.

    Heading 9903.78.01 carried the 50% duty on the copper content. The paired line 9903.78.02 covered the non-copper portion of the same article at no additional Section 232 duty, so an entry that mixed materials had to be split across two lines (CBP CSMS #65794272).

    Leaving the raw inputs out targets fabricated product rather than the metal that US fabricators buy.

    The proclamation was signed on July 30, 2025 and published in the Federal Register on August 5, five days after it took effect.

    Since April 6, 2026, these steel, aluminum and copper duties are no longer reported under the headings above: Proclamation 11021 moved the whole metals program to headings 9903.82.01 through 9903.82.26 (see the April 2026 entry). The older headings are kept here as history for entries filed before that date.

    What importers should do

    • Separate your copper lines into raw forms and semi-finished or fabricated forms — only the second group is dutiable here.
    • Get a copper content value per article from the mill so the entry can use the paired copper and non-copper lines.
    • If you import fittings, connectors or assemblies with copper components, ask your broker whether the derivative annex reaches them.

    Sources

  23. Section 232

    Steel and aluminum double to 50%, UK held at 25% #

    Proclamation 10947 raised the Section 232 rate on steel and aluminum from 25% to 50% for goods entered on or after 12:01 a.m. EDT on June 4, 2025. The United Kingdom stayed at 25% under the US–UK Economic Prosperity Deal. Derivative articles moved with the base metals.

    Effective
    In force from June 4, 2025
    Countries of origin
    all
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.81.879903.85.02

    The proclamation was signed on June 3, 2025 and published in the Federal Register on June 9. The rate change applied from June 4, so it was in force before it was published.

    The increase flows through to derivative articles as well. The proclamation applied the duty only to the steel content of Chapter 73 articles and the aluminum content of Chapter 76 articles, and left the non-metal content to other tariffs, so the entry still needed a content declaration.

    The UK carve-out at 25% was written as subject to review after July 9, 2025 against the UK's compliance with the Economic Prosperity Deal.

    Since April 6, 2026, these steel, aluminum and copper duties are no longer reported under the headings above: Proclamation 11021 moved the whole metals program to headings 9903.82.01 through 9903.82.26 (see the April 2026 entry). The older headings are kept here as history for entries filed before that date.

    What importers should do

    • Re-price any open quotation that carried a 25% metals assumption — the duty line on a steel- or aluminum-intensive article roughly doubled overnight.
    • Chase the content declarations again. At 50%, an article declared at full value instead of metal content costs materially more.
    • Check whether a UK-origin option exists for the same article before you re-source; the 25% rate is a real difference on metal-heavy goods.

    Sources

  24. Section 232

    25% on passenger vehicles, then on auto parts a month later #

    Proclamation 10908 put a 25% Section 232 duty on imported passenger vehicles and light trucks from April 3, 2025, and extended it to auto parts from May 3, 2025. Vehicles report under 9903.94.01 and parts under 9903.94.05. Later trade arrangements cut the rate for several partners, but each one started on its own date.

    Effective
    In force from April 3, 2025
    Countries of origin
    all
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.94.019903.94.05

    Vehicles and parts sit under different Chapter 99 lines, and the parts duty started a month after the vehicle duty. Entries filed in that window need the right line for the right date.

    The UK arrangement took effect on June 30, 2025 and set a total of 10% (7.5% under Section 232 plus the 2.5% most-favored-nation rate) inside an annual quota of 100,000 vehicles, prorated to 65,205 for 2025. Anything above the quota goes back to 25%.

    The EU arrangement set a 15% rate inclusive of the MFN duty, applied back to August 1, 2025 by a notice published on September 25, 2025. Japan's 15% inclusive rate applied from September 16, 2025. South Korea's 15% took effect on November 1, 2025, under a notice published on December 4, 2025.

    Because several of these were applied retroactively, entries filed before the CBP guidance landed were often overpaid and had to be corrected through a post-summary correction or a protest.

    What importers should do

    • If you imported vehicles or parts from the UK, the EU, Japan or Korea before the guidance for that arrangement landed, check whether the entry was liquidated at the higher rate.
    • A post-summary correction is possible while an entry is unliquidated; after liquidation you have 180 days to file a protest. Ask your broker to check the dates before the window closes.
    • For parts, confirm the article is classified in the parts annex rather than the vehicle line — the two carry different Chapter 99 headings.

    Sources

  25. Section 232

    Steel and aluminum go to 25% and every country exemption ends #

    Proclamations 10895 and 10896 reset the Section 232 metals program. Steel and aluminum both went to 25%, and the country arrangements that had spared Argentina, Australia, Canada, Mexico, the EU and the UK were terminated. A long list of downstream derivative products was pulled into the same duty for the first time.

    Effective
    In force from March 12, 2025
    Countries of origin
    all
    Chapter 99 headings
    9903.81.879903.81.889903.81.899903.81.909903.81.919903.81.929903.81.939903.85.029903.85.049903.85.079903.85.089903.85.09

    The two proclamations were signed on February 10, 2025, published in the Federal Register on February 18, and applied to goods entered for consumption on or after 12:01 a.m. on March 12, 2025. The steel proclamation did not provide an in-transit exemption, so cargo already on the water was dutiable on arrival.

    Steel and steel derivatives report under 9903.81.87 through 9903.81.93. The block separates plain steel articles, foreign-trade-zone entries, the derivative lines that already existed, new derivatives outside Chapter 73, and a zero-rate line for articles melted and poured in the United States.

    Aluminum runs under 9903.85.02 through 9903.85.09 on the same pattern, with a zero-rate line for metal smelted and cast in the United States.

    For derivative steel articles outside Chapter 73, Proclamation 10896 applied the duty only to the steel content of the article, which meant the entry needed a content declaration from the supplier.

    Since April 6, 2026, these steel, aluminum and copper duties are no longer reported under the headings above: Proclamation 11021 moved the whole metals program to headings 9903.82.01 through 9903.82.26 (see the April 2026 entry). The older headings are kept here as history for entries filed before that date.

    What importers should do

    • Pull your last twelve months of entries and flag every line in Chapters 72, 73 and 76, plus anything with a metal housing, frame, fitting or fastener.
    • Ask each supplier for a written steel or aluminum content value per article, and for the country of melt and pour or smelt and cast.
    • Where the metal was melted and poured or smelted and cast in the United States, ask your broker whether the zero-rate derivative line applies to your entry.

    Sources

Before you act on an entry

Use each entry as a starting point for a conversation with your customs broker, not as a classification or a legal opinion. Rates and headings are summarized from the sources linked under each entry.

The duty on any one entry depends on four things: the tariff line, the country of origin, the declared value and the entry date. Several of these programs also stack on top of each other.

Airlift USA handles U.S. customs clearance through our licensed broker network. If an update affects your cargo, send us the commercial invoice and the HTS lines, and we'll walk you through what it means for your duty.

For the bigger picture, our research report on effective US tariff rates, March–July 2026 uses Census calculated-duty ratios to compare duty per $100 of import value by origin, month and HS chapter. It does not attribute the differences to individual programs.

Effective tariff rates 2026 · Estimate duty on a shipment · Freight and customs glossary · Ask about your shipment

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